{"id":26366,"date":"2026-01-13T04:33:08","date_gmt":"2026-01-13T04:33:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ardorarch.com\/?post_type=our-research&p=26366"},"modified":"2026-01-13T04:34:17","modified_gmt":"2026-01-13T04:34:17","slug":"kien-tao-kien-truc-cao-tang-tu-cuong-truoc-bao-cac-chien-luoc-thiet-ke-thuc-tien","status":"publish","type":"our-research","link":"https:\/\/ardorarch.com\/vi\/our-research\/kien-tao-kien-truc-cao-tang-tu-cuong-truoc-bao-cac-chien-luoc-thiet-ke-thuc-tien\/","title":{"rendered":"Ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng t\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e3o: C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, \u00edt ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1n b\u00e3o m\u1ea1nh, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng gi\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n, duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc cho c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea5p t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 cao t\u1ea7ng, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n b\u00e3o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

1. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3 l\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/h2>\n

Khi gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. D\u00f2ng kh\u00ed khi \u0111i qua c\u00e1c g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh s\u1eafc n\u00e9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh xo\u00e1y gi\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf ph\u00eda sau c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng xo\u00e1y kh\u00ed n\u00e0y g\u00e2y ra \u00e1p l\u1ef1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c theo th\u1eddi gian, l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh dao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 rung l\u1eafc. N\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng rung \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb m\u1ecfi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu gi\u00f3 b\u00e3o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3, t\u1eeb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng xo\u00e1y kh\u00ed xung quanh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 1. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u00f3<\/em><\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 2. Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 trung b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau theo h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 lu\u1eadt l\u0169y th\u1eeba c\u1ee7a Davenport<\/em><\/p>\n

2. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1ecf gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u00e1 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh cao t\u1ea7ng<\/h2>\n

Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y nh\u00ecn chung kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt l\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c xo\u00e1y gi\u00f3. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1c k\u00edch th\u00edch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, vi\u1ec7c can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u2014 nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1o r\u00e3nh, v\u00e1t g\u00f3c, th\u1ee5t g\u00f3c, bo tr\u00f2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh, ho\u1eb7c xoay h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh so v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o \u2014 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0ng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng gi\u00f3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cao t\u1ea7ng (H\u00ecnh 2).<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ngang so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c g\u00f3c \u0111\u00f3n gi\u00f3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch, thu h\u1eb9p v\u00f9ng xo\u00e1y ph\u00eda sau c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1c n\u00e2ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 3. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1ecf kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/em><\/p>\n

3. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1edbn gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u00e1 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh cao t\u1ea7ng<\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng gi\u00f3 l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc cao. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 hai nh\u00f3m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3 l\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c xo\u00e1y gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea1i g\u00f3c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng xo\u00e1y li\u00ean k\u1ebft, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng gi\u00f3 \u0111i qua m\u00e9p m\u00e1i v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u01a1n. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ed1n b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khai th\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cao t\u1ea7ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ngay t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u2013 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u2013 thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 trong t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng [3]. V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y xung quanh t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3 so v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 cao v\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh, h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 chi ph\u1ed1i trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ecb ph\u00e1t sinh. Trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cao t\u1ea7ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t quy t\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c cho k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 khung ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c, ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh [6]. Nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh cao t\u1ea7ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m g\u00f3c v\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c bo tr\u00f2n, h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, d\u1ea1ng thu\u00f4n nh\u1ecdn, xo\u1eafn, gi\u1eadt c\u1ea5p, hay t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng r\u1ed7ng xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t th\u00e2n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh (H\u00ecnh 4).<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 4. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc<\/em><\/p>\n

4. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

a) B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t cong ho\u1eb7c bo tr\u00f2n<\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t cong ho\u1eb7c bo tr\u00f2n nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3. Khi gi\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh s\u1eafc v\u00e0 g\u00f3c nh\u1ecdn, d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y, t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c xo\u00e1y gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh. Nh\u1eefng xo\u00e1y kh\u00ed n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00e2y ra rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t bo tr\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c cong, d\u00f2ng gi\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1edbt qua c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 The Gherkin t\u1ea1i London l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u: h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i tr\u01a1n tru v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc gi\u00fap h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh xo\u00e1y kh\u00ed ph\u00eda sau c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, qua \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c gi\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u (H\u00ecnh 5).<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t cong bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

\u2022 Gi\u1ea3m l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n gi\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.
\n\u2022 H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng xo\u00e1y kh\u00ed ph\u00eda sau t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.
\n\u2022 N\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc, The Gherkin c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a London.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 5. T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 The Gherkin \u2013 London.<\/em><\/p>\n

The Gherkin (30 St Mary Axe) cao 180 m v\u1edbi 41 t\u1ea7ng, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh n\u0103m 2003 theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Norman Foster. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ebfn 50% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f9ng quy m\u00f4. M\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9ng k\u00ednh xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu gi\u00f3, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac xanh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i London.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 6. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u00f3 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng qua t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 The Gherkin \u2013 London.<\/em><\/p>\n

b) H\u00ecnh thon d\u1ea7n theo chi\u1ec1u cao<\/h3>\n

H\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i thon d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh cao t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 si\u00eau cao t\u1ea7ng \u2013 n\u01a1i v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 theo \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n

Khi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9ng gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n theo chi\u1ec1u cao, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi gi\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m theo, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng gi\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng xo\u00e1y gi\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec9nh. Burj Khalifa t\u1ea1i Dubai \u2013 t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u2013 l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n tr\u00ean thu nh\u1ecf d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i thon d\u1ea7n g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

\u2022 Gi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi gi\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cao \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn.
\n\u2022 H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf dao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.
\n\u2022 L\u00e0m d\u1ecbu chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed xung quanh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, qua \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m rung \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 7. Burj Khalifa \u2013 Dubai.<\/em><\/p>\n

Burj Khalifa cao 828 m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng xo\u1eafn k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p thu nh\u1ecf d\u1ea7n nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u00f3. H\u1ec7 l\u00f5i b\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p trung t\u00e2m c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh t\u1ecfa ra gi\u00fap t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong khi m\u00f3ng s\u00e2u v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00f3 b\u00e3o v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 240 km\/h.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 8. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 thu\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a Burj Khalifa<\/em><\/p>\n

c) Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf xo\u1eafn<\/h3>\n

H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng xo\u1eafn \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu gi\u00f3 b\u00e3o. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u00e1p l\u1ef1c gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 t\u1eadp trung \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng xo\u1eafn c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u00fap c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac xo\u1eafn t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edd c\u00e1c khe h\u1edf t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 ng\u1eadp \u00fang trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft x\u1ea5u. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh l\u1ee3i \u00edch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i xo\u1eafn c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 cao, t\u1ea1o d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho c\u1ea3nh quan \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Turning Torso t\u1ea1i Malm\u00f6, Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n l\u1ef1c gi\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i do gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh. K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u cao v\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, c\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 khung v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m neo v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 9. T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Turning Torso \u2013 Malm\u00f6, Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n.<\/em><\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 10. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Turning Torso \u2013 Malm\u00f6, Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/em><\/p>\n

d) Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eadt c\u1ea5p<\/h3>\n

Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e1t g\u00f3c ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eadt c\u1ea5p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed quanh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n thay v\u00ec t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t cao \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, qua \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u1ef1c gi\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Taipei 101 l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh cao 509 m t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0i Loan s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng gi\u1eadt c\u1ea5p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i v\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3 b\u00e3o, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u2013 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean trong khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 11. T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Taipei 101 \u2013 \u0110\u00e0i Loan.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc, Taipei 101 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng con l\u1eafc gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5n (tuned mass damper) n\u1eb7ng 660 t\u1ea5n, treo gi\u1eefa t\u1ea7ng 87 v\u00e0 92, gi\u00fap h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng do gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi khung th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 216 km\/h, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ch\u1ecbu thi\u00ean tai.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 12. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Taipei 101 \u2013 \u0110\u00e0i Loan.<\/em><\/p>\n

e) S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tho\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c khe h\u1edf<\/h3>\n

Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tho\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c khe h\u1edf c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng gi\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. Thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9ng k\u00edn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng m\u1edf cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f2ng gi\u00f3 xuy\u00ean qua c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u1eb1m trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 12. T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Shanghai World Finance Centre \u2013 Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Shanghai World Finance Centre t\u1ea1i Singapore, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf gi\u1eefa ba t\u00f2a th\u00e1p cho ph\u00e9p gi\u00f3 \u0111i xuy\u00ean qua thay v\u00ec b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n l\u1ea1i. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng gi\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1edf, tho\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3ng, t\u0103ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khe h\u1edf v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tho\u00e1ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

\u2022 Gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c gi\u00f3 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.
\n\u2022 H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eadp trung \u00e1p su\u1ea5t gi\u00f3 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.
\n\u2022 G\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng kh\u00f4ng gian ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1edf, linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

5. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ef1c \u0111oan gia t\u0103ng, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu gi\u00f3 b\u00e3o tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft. Gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 m\u01b0a l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e3o l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n, ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u00e1p l\u1ef1c gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i tr\u00f2n, cong ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh, do cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f2ng gi\u00f3 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cao t\u1ea7ng, c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i thu\u00f4n d\u1ea7n, xo\u1eafn, v\u00e1t g\u00f3c ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o khe h\u1edf gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n l\u1ef1c gi\u00f3, gi\u1ea3m xo\u00e1y gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng quanh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e3o m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 Burj Khalifa, Taipei 101 v\u00e0 The Gherkin l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":26371,"template":"","location":[],"quantity":[],"research":[],"class_list":["post-26366","our-research","type-our-research","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ardorarch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/our-research\/26366"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ardorarch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/our-research"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ardorarch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/our-research"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ardorarch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26371"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ardorarch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26366"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"location","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ardorarch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/location?post=26366"},{"taxonomy":"quantity","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ardorarch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/quantity?post=26366"},{"taxonomy":"research","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ardorarch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/research?post=26366"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}